Reflection Post

I have found the material on the Puerto Rican community from last week most interesting. I had known that many Puerto Ricans migrated from Puerto Rico and settled in what is now known as "El Barrio" and raised new generations there, but what really did once they got there interests me.

The time frame during the Great Migration - after World War I - is when this really all started happening. I guess I find this so interesting because it is just amazing how the community as a whole made this decision together to better their (at the time, colonial) relationship to the U.S. and integrate into what is also theirs. By forming all sorts of groups - especially LULAC, Commonwealth, Puerto Rican Brotherhood in America, etc. - the Puerto Ricans in the U.S. as well as those still back in Puerto Rico really linked together.

Along with establishing an identity to the minority during this time, women throughout the Puerto Rican started to come forth and make their voices heard. This is such an important time in our country's history because women, no matter what racial background, gained confidence in voicing their opinions. From that point on, women were not going to sit on the sidelines and let the men make all the decisions and actions for our country's advancing. All women were coming forth from their own racial groups and joining together as the Puerto Ricans did as a community and started defining the new future of the U.S.

I really enjoyed watching the video on Monday, I think it demonstrated all of this really well. For me, seeing all that we've been learning combined in that way was a really good way for me to kind of connect the missing dots and link all the ideas together into one main concept.

This section of the curriculum is just one aspect that is helping me open my mind and understanding what different Latino communities have done for themselves as well as this country that we all live in together.

Reflection Post

Many people have already written about LULAC and the topic of assimilation, and I would also like to add my opinion on the seemingly controversial ideas of this organization. Assimilation is a very complicated topic because it can only really be accomplished in a slow and gradual process. LULAC seemed to take a much too radical approach by stripping almost all of the culture away from its people immediately and forcing new and unfamiliar customs into practice. I am sure that many people weren’t very familiar with English and other American customs, but these were advocated very heavily by LULAC from the beginning. I don’t think that assimilation is a problem; in fact I believe that it can be quite useful as long as it is instituted properly. I think that the Mexican population should have been able to hang on to the Spanish language, but at the same time create programs promoting English literacy. Cultural and local traditions could have been easily supported inside and outside of the home as long as these traditions weren’t imposed on others. Substantial change takes time to process in most cases, and I recognize the urgency to be freed from persecution, but I think a more restrained approach would be much more effective.
I also don’t agree with the stance that LULAC took in regards to the view of other minority groups. I can understand the want and need for separation from African Americans and Asian Americans because of differences in the problems that these groups faced and the goals they hoped to achieve. On the other hand I can’t understand why collaboration between these groups wouldn’t have been productive. At the very least a support structure could have been formed to help the fight for rights for all. The way that LULAC talked about other races made it seem like they thought they were better than other minority groups and races, even though this was exactly the problem they were trying to fight themselves. If they didn’t want to cooperate with other minority groups, that is fine, but there is no need for degradation of others. LULAC viewed blacks as taking a step back in the fight for acceptance and I believe LULAC itself took a step back by not working with or recognizing other minority groups in the United States.
Lastly, I would like to respond to the comment that was left on Alison’s post by a former LULAC national officer. He is absolutely right in saying that none of us have much of an idea about what really went on with the organization or the factual history preceding it. However, I don’t believe that is our fault. How many history textbooks go into depth about the struggles of the Latino population in the United States? Everyone knows about the Civil Rights struggles and the stories of Rosa Parks, and Brown v. Board of Education, but very few know much about the struggles of the Latinos and that creates a problem of ignorance.

Reflection on "Chicanos Speak Out"

I found the reading for October 1st, which focused on the Chicano/a liberation movement, to be quite astonishing. Starting off with the Plan de Aztlan, I acquired a great understanding of the Chicano motives. It seems like the Chicanos strived for equality for all of their people while making sure that they were not discriminating against other races. They simply wanted the land, resources, and, more importantly, the freedom that the Anglo-society took away from them. After reading this document, I felt that the Chicanos, as a whole, had fair intentions towards creating these different liberation movements. However, "Chicanas Speak Out," seems to provide a different side to the Chicano motives. This article seems to show that the liberation movements seem to single out the Chicanas. 

One of the main points I was astonished by was the fact that after Chicanas began to articulate that they wanted control over their own bodies, the Chicano men accused them of being sexist and "anti-man." Chicanos went even further and tried to sway the woman to stop the movements by saying feminist movements were an "Anglo" thing to do. The idea that women were being discriminated against in a liberation movement, which called for overall equality, was simply appalling. How could an individual who is calling for peace, discriminate against one of their own at the same time? The Chicanos were being hypocrites of their own beliefs. They were expecting to gain their land and freedom back, but still maintain the same control over women.

I hold a great amount of respect for the Chicana movement. Those women had amazing strength to be able to stand up to the racial standard that has been around for so many years. I do not understand how women are placed under this double standard. Sexism is already a major societal issue, in general, but add racism and you see that the Chicanas were forced to face some terrible discrimination. As women begin to recognize their strength, however, I feel that society (American, Chicano, etc) will only grow as everyone's views begin to be elucidated. The Chicana movement only had to hold several workshops for their voice to heard. This movement shows how it does not take much for one to stand up for what they believe in. All that stands between a woman and her voice being heard is personal fear. Once they are able to overcome this fear, however, they will soon begin to be successful.  

Reflection

I found this week's readings very interesting, especially the readings for Wednesday. This week in class we are focusing on the identity politics and other forms of Latino identity. Many Latinos in the 20th century grew up with the idea that they should assimilate to the American culture, and try to make themselves seem as 'white' or American as possible. This way they would receive less discrimination and be given better opportunities. This was the view of LULAC and other organizations as well.

By the 1960s, people seem to be questioning these ideas, and seem to be moving back towards an identity that they no longer seem to know, yet want to recapture. There was the call for political, economic, and social reform amongst Latinos, and many people were starting to fight the discrimination they had been facing all along and embrace being Latino.

Something that I found very interesting was the discrimination of the women within the Chicano movement. They faced double standards while trying to fight for their liberation against discrimination as Chicanos, but were placed under possible worse discrimination as mujeres by their own men. They strongly fought against the concept of machismo, because they felt that there would not be true liberation within their culture if that ideal was still in place. These women were opressed ethnically, economically, and sexually, and in the 1960's and 1970's they started addressing their issues not only within Chicanos but to all people in the United States. I think that these issues were very real and worth fighting for, because if they didn't, who knows to what extent Chicana women would be oppressed today.

Reflection Post: On LULAC, Assimilation, and Success for Latinas/os in America

(Please forgive my last blank post.  There was an error copying the text from my word processor to the blog!)

The subjects of Americanization and Assimilation are extremely complicated in my mind.  As a Latino, I am torn between the culture in which I was raised and the culture that I see around me every day.  Realistically, other Latino youth and I are faced with a double-edged sword: Do we steer away from the culture in which we were raised in order to be accepted by the mainstream?  Or do we shun the mainstream in order to maintain our culture?  How will our decision affect our successes and failures in society?

With that being said, the idea of preaching American Assimilation as LULAC has done makes me think about how assimilating to American culture can help and hurt the Latino population.

How it helps:  I often feel that the Anglo-American populous is afraid of change (We have seen a few examples of this as we have study different civil rights and group movements).  Therefore, many of them feel that anything that meets their standards and expectations is good.  Therefore, I feel that if we conform to their standards (speaking English, educating ourselves in American history, culture, and beliefs, and fulfilling their cultural expectations) we can properly assimilate ourselves educationally, economically, professionally, and socially.  On this sense, I firmly believe that LULAC was correct: Because the Anglo-American population is the way that they are (please keep in mind that is not my intention to make any rash generalizations), the Latino population must unite culturally in order to succeed in America.

However, at the same time, how am I (or LULAC, for that matter) to determine what one can do in order to achieve success in America?  Who are we to say that publicly clinging to our culture will not open doors for us as individuals?  Will proudly bearing your identity truly stop you from succeeding in America?

Sadly, I feel that I may never know.

Reflection Post: On LULAC, Assimilation, and Success for Latinas/os in America

Puerto Rican/Mexican American Liberation Reflection

Although it sounds cheesy, every time I read about the oppression of Chicanos or Puerto Ricans, I become further motivated to learn and support these oppressed people.  Many of the readings in the coursepack mention the Mexican Americans and Puerto Ricans struggle to "affirm their presence as citizens with 'the right to have rights' and to redefine the boundaries of political inclusion in the national community."  When I read about this struggle, I become increasingly empathetic, despite being of white heritage and having no "spanish blood or heritage."  What really hits home for me is that I live in an area where I can observe how Mexican Americans' and Puerto Ricans' early struggles with oppression still deeply affect their lives today.  Although I do not have statistics and I am simply basing my statements off of my generalized observations, I see how the struggles I previously mentioned are continually affecting the life paths of many Puerto Ricans, Domincans, and Mexicans which I share my hometown with.  

My first generalization is that most of these peoples tend to do poorly in school, either dropping out of high school or simply holding a careless view for they realize that they were born into a low socio-economic class with little chance of mobility.  Providing education simply isn't enough consideration to help bring these people out of the deeprooted conditions which they inherited.  I am directly referring to the Boricua Poetry which correctly identifies how Puerto Ricans could be dedicated as no other, but in the end, their early struggles placed their culture in what seems to a be very slow, uneasy fight against deprivation.  Throughout my childhood I encountered this conflict and surely realized how much the odds are against these peoples.  No matter the persistence with which these people work and strive to make a better future for the generations to come, these peoples dreams of assimilating with middle-class Americans are more or less shattered by the harsh realities that America's initial interests were not in that of Mexican Americans and Puerto Ricans and now these people must work 25 hours a day, 8 days a week to overcome adversity.

These people realize the inability to rise economically, socially, and/or politically early on in life, causing them to search for other ways beyond the traditional system in order to succeed.  Some will join gangs and others will become involved in illegal activities in general.  These instances do not benefit these communities but rather set them back in their assimilation efforts.

To say the least, I realize that there have been several accomplishments in the Latino/a community, whether in the arena of politics (Governor Bill Richardson) or sports (Alex Rodriguez, among dozens of others).  However, I truly hope that during my lifetime, the Latino/a community can continue to use their rights to exponentially increase their contributions to America.   The key to success is a large round-the-clock effort by all Latinos in order to overcome the inherited difficulties which the Latino/a community has faced relentlessly.  The most important thing to remember is: not to become discouraged early on, for if the Latinos continue to take advantage of their rights; and demonstrate a large, shared idea of true freedom- they will successfully assimilate with time. 

LULAC Reflection

Reading about LULAC and learning about the practices and views of the organization, I can't help but understand the mindset of the people in this group. It seems to be central to the organization that Americanization was the most important thing and to be considered equal among whites. So for this to happen LULAC members really had to put their culture on hold. Which is awful as well as wrong but in the early twentieth century skin color and ethnic status was a big barrier to overcome, especially for Latinos. It says in the reading that "The possibility that the Mexican American might achieve a degree of social invisibility was the centerpiece of LULAC's group ideology." So while to me its very degrading to assimilate so unmindfully, it seems to be a fitting option for that day and age. (What I mean by saying they assimilate so unmindfully is that by them having those  views and mindsets it really gives Americans the edge as far as having the upper hand when deciding their status.)

As far as taking the initiative to bettering the situation for Mexican Americans  I think this group was a good idea. It's logic is sound as only American citizens were allowed in it and they argued there rights as American citizens. So another ideology of the group was that if the individual was a good American citizen he should get the treatment of a good American citizen, which to me sounds sort of like a gamble but at the same time might play off of having good karma?

Reflection on LULAC

As I was reading the article about LULAC and assimilation into American Society I found myself sort of chuckling and shaking my head at some parts.  For example I find it interesting that one of LULAC's goals was to fight the racism and discrimination towards Mexican-Americans...but in order to be worthy of having LULAC's support you must fit a certain category/mold.  The part I found myself chuckling at was when the Order Sons of America (OSA which later joined other Latino organizations to form LULAC) spoke about how they did not want to be "brought down" by the new immigrants of South Texas.  There was this feeling that the white collar Latino's status among the Anglos would be in trouble with these "inferior" Mexicans coming in and altering the Anglos perspective of Latinos.  I was bugged by this because it seems so ridiculous to me how LULAC is fighting for equality and against racism, yet it seems to be promoting inequality too when they separate themselves from other Mexican-Americans who are of lower class.

Unfortunately this kind of thinking still continues today as more and more immigrants come to America.  I have family in Southern California who I hear complain about how all the immigrants are making the city worse and causing it to become dirty.  Hearing them talk about this situation is interesting because they put themselves on this pedestal where they are better then their fellow Mexicans because they have assimilated into American society more than the immigrants. However, they, like many others, seem to forget that it wasn't too long ago when their families came to America for a better life and had to learn English and so on.

When we separate ourselves into subcategories of Latinos, African Americans, etc. then we are only allowing for racism and stereotypes to continue.  There needs to be unity to fight against the inequality rather than fighting against each other to be seen as better than other Latinos.

Reflection of Americanization

LULAC's mission was to fight discrimination against Latino Americans in the United States. To do this, the organization encouraged Latinos to Americanize themselves and blend into the white community. They did this by stripping Latinos of their culture, teaching only American ideals in school and forcing them to speak only English outside the home. During that time period, the only accepted American was the white American. LULAC believed that if Latinos demonstrated their dedication to the country, then Americans would find them worthy enough to be treated equally.

I disagree with what LULAC pushed Latinos to do. It seems like they gave up fighting for their rights and standing up for their culture. The Latinos in turn gave up their individualism as well and submitted to conformist America. At the time, I feel like Latinos were desperate to escape discrimination and would do anything, including this. It saddens me to see the notion of "white supremacy" go so far as to force other races to conform, just to be treated equally. LULAC's proposal would have temporarily reduced Latino discrimination yet in the long run, the issue of diversity would still not be addressed. It was a means to mask the differences between these two groups but in the end Latinos would continue to be treated unequally because they would be looked upon as the group trying to be American. If LULAC's plan did succeed, we would have a country of seemingly the same people. There would be no diversity or mix of culture for everyone would be the stereotypical white American. I feel diversity is what makes us unique and it would be a tragic if this was lost due to the ideals of the "superior race."

LULAC Reflection

I know that I lead discussion for LULAC but there are many feelings that I have towards LULAC. Being Mexican-American I dont agree with many of the things that LULAC stood for. First of all, LULAC was an organization that was for men only, and not just anytype of men, if was for middle-class that was professional such as a doctor, lawyer, or business man. I feel that LULAC was on organization that was available for member that were like them, they did not tryto help immigrant mexicans that were as well off as they were. Secondly, LULAC tried very hard to get rid of our own culture. They didn't really promote one to be proud of their culture. Instead, they pushed its members to only speak english. One other thing that i strongly disagree with is the fact that they used the American Pledge of Alligience as their pledge. Finally, I don't think that LULAC promoted assimilation in the proper manner, yes assimilation is a good thing, however, promoting americanization is something I don't agree with. I think that if someone is going to be accepeted tehy should be accepted for who they are and what they stand for.

I think that a part of what makes the United States a unique country is that we are a lot more diverse than many countries. Granted, the minority populations are not very large, they are much larger here in the U.S. than in any other country. I think that everyone should be proud of where they come from and not always try to be the "AMERICAN" because there are many types of Americans. Who is to say that the Americans that LULAC wanted to promote were the ideal Americans?!?!?

LULAC Discussion Questions

Again, I'm sorry these questions are old!

What was one of LULAC main goals?

What were some things that LULAC advocated?

Was LULAC a non-political organization? Why or why not? What did they as a organization stand for?

What were LULACs views on other races? How did they feel about being either compared or associated with other races?

How did LULAC promote assimilation and americanization?

How do you feel about LULAC?

Test Post

HELLO EVERYONE!!!
I know the test post should have been posted up a long time ago, but I did not accept Isabel's invitation, therefore I did not have access to our blogger. I lead discussion today and I just wanted to take this time to thank everyone who participated in the discussion today! Thanks again!!!

Discussion Questions

Here are my questions for discussion tomorrow on Wednesday's reading: The Growth of the Puerto Rican Community in New York

- Why did so many Puerto Ricans migrate to New York City and other cities on the East Coast during the Great Migration? How did the eastern section of Harlen get to be called "El Barrio"?

- Why was the Hermandad Puertorriqueno en America founded and what was its purpose? What influences did it have on the Puerto Rican Community?

- How did hte Plan Chardon form and what kinds of proposals did it have?

- What two major developments started to overtake the political arena between Puerto Rico and the U.S. during the 1930's?

- What were the Populares seeking to achieve when they revived the Estado Libre Asociado (Commonwealth) and what ended up happening?

Finding a Voice

Throughout Professor Cotera's lectures, one aspect of Latino history has stood out the most: the attempts at Americanization and the eventual failure every time. After the United States succeeded Spain as the primary imperial power in Latin America, the Latino population in the US were faced with the pressure of dealing with racism from white America while also attempting to preserve their culture. Because of this, the Latino community seems to have swung between periods of "Americanization" and anti-Americanization in the attempt to find their place in America.
The first mention of this takes place in 1929, with the LULAC, whose goal was total assimilation into American society. Part of this ideology included Americanization. After about 10 years, however, we see the emergence of Pachucos, or Latin American youth who were trying to establish a unique identity for themselves that combined elements of American and Latino culture. In the 1940's, however, we see the Community Service Organization, which abandoned totally the attempt to be white.
Next, we see in Puerto Rico the re-emergence of Americanization. Schools were made American and English was implemented as the primary language. Soon, however, the Puerto Rican people began to object, and nationalist riots began.
Overall, I find intruiging the entire process of Latinos trying to establish an identity for themselves with a new imperialistic power. Every time Americanization was attempted, it has historically failed for the Latino people.

Hey everyone, here are my questions for discussion tomorrow on mondays readings

What were the United States' reasons for not helping out the countries in Central America during their time of need?

Why do you think the Anglo-Americans had this image of "Manifest Destiny"? Where do oyu think it came from?

Even though Mexico knew of the United States' intentions, why do you think they continued to make treaties allowing more Anglo-American settlers to settle on their land?

Why do you think this man, along with others, treat these people so poorly and without regret?

Why do you think the man had the boys lynch the man tied to the tree, and not do it himself?

Why is the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo important?

Test Post

Hi everyone, my name is Pritish Iyer. I am a junior, but this is my first year in the business school. I used to be a pre-med student, until I realized I really did not want to go to school until I 30 studying something I didn't enjoy. I am taking this course after taking a breif Spanish culture course in high school. I found that I really enjoyed looking at how intertwined Spanish culture is with ours, both in a historical perspective and a modern one. This class should hopefully provide me with an even more in-depth perspective of the Latino world

Friday's Discussion:

Hey Guys!

So Peter and I divided up the readings for this week. Questions pertaining to Monday's reading will be posted by Peter soon. Questions pertaining to Wednesday's reading are below.
Discussion questions for Wednesday's reading:

What were some similarities or overlaps between the Cuban and Puerto Rican separatists? What wasn't similar? What ideas united them?

Why did some separatists want US intervention? Why did some not?

What does Puerto Rico being an island change about its relationship with the US? What trend does this initially create with emigration?

What were some sacrifices made by separatists?

What other movements did the separatists we read about support?

Describe the wake of economic shifts around Puerto Rico after US-intervention

What were some strategic payoffs to the US-Puerto Rico relationship?

What did the US lose with Cuban independence?


Isabel, please let me know if these are on the right path.
See you all Friday!
-Kyle

Test post

Whats up everybody this is a little late but I'm Danny. Im from Austin Texas and am  film major. I'm studying spanish right now and hope to continue to study it the rest of my time here at Michigan. I enjoy this class so far....

Timeline

The following is a list of important events in the Spanish & English colonization of the Americas (composed by everyone in section).

Spanish	English
Ferdinand & Isabella - 1492 send Columbus to the "New World."	1497 - Henry VII takes over rule of               Britain & sends John Cabot to             explore America
First European, Ponce de Leon reaches American soil - 1513
Documentation of nahualt language - 1524
Cabeza de Vaca in Florida/Mexico City - 1527-1534
Coronado in U.S. Southwest de Soto in S.U.S. - 1539
Spanish adopted the "new laws" - 1542
Diseases from Europe plagued colonies - late 1500s
	1607 - Jamestown est.
	1619 - Founding of Plymouth colony

Introduction

Hi,

My name is Melissa Ponce and I am a sophomore.  My major is Psychology, hoping to become a school councilor and work with adolescents.  I guess an interesting fact about me is that I am the youngest of four. Its only interesting because the two oldest are boys and the two youngest are girls...which is how my parents wanted it so its kind of funny that they got what they wanted.  Also, another interesting fact is that my music selection is by far one of the most random things about me. Haha It would be hard not to find something on my iPod that you like.

Test Post

Hey everyone!

My name is Marcus Smith.  I was born in Chicago (southside).  I am currently a sophomore.  I am in the process in creating my own Independent Concentration Program, Global Governance.  If you can not tell from my intended major, I have a passion for politics.  This class is interesting thus far and I cannot wait to get into deep discussions.

Post #2

Ok, I feel kind of bad now because everyone's test post was more elaborate, so I will elaborate on myself:

My name is Mark Navarro, and I'm from Adrian, MI (about an hour south of Ann Arbor).  I'm a sophomore majoring in English and will transfer into the RC to major in Creative Writing next semester.  As may seem obvious, I spend a lot of time reading and writing, but I also play guitar and sing, as well as listening to music and spending countless hours on the computer.  I also work for the Office of New Student Programs as an Orientation Leader (yes, I was one of the people in the light blue polo) and also for the Office of Undergraduate Admissions where I give tours (if you ever want to learn some U of M fun facts, let me know . . . I know dozens!)

I am full Mexican, and I wanted to take this class to learn how the history of Latina/o people affects me today.

I look forward to seeing you all on Friday!

test post

Hey, my name is Jennifer Park. I'm from the suburbs of Dallas, Texas (born and raised!). I'm majoring in economics. I love to travel and do anything art related.

Test Post

Hello,
My name is Michael Leshansky and I am thinking about majoring in business. I have lived in Long Island, New York my entire life.  My community is very diverse, with a large population of Puerto Ricans, as well as Domincans.  However, I don't think there is a large Mexican population in Long Island.  High school Spanish is the extent of my latino experience.  Furthermore, I am an identical twin and enjoy music and sports.

Test post

Hello,
My name is David Mickey and I am an applied linguistics major. I am a stealth Latino. My father met my mother on a study abroad in Mexico. He liked Mexico and her so much he decided to spend the next twelve years of his life there getting married and starting a family. I moved to the Cleveland when I was four with the rest of my family. I speak Spanish quite well. I've pretty much done it all on campus and am wrapping up my service as a student leader by co-chairing Hispanic Heritage month and engaging with some other 'less important' affairs. Although this is my fourth year this is my last semester. In my free time I like to try new beers, and listen to techno- kinda weird, but that me.

Test Post

Hi, I'm Falina Lothamer, and I'm from East Lansing, MI. I know its the wrong city, but at least I chose the right school! I'm a Spanish major, so I'm pretty excited about this class. I suppose something interesting about myself is that I'm from a pretty large family, my mom is one of 9 kids, and my dad is one of 14, so I have over 50 first cousins alone. I also love to sing, I'm in Womens Glee Club, and am excited about the semester!

Test Post

Hello! My name is Alison Huang. I'm from Mechanicsburg, PA, which is about a 1/2 hour away from Hershey. This year, I'm hoping to become a Dancer Captain for Dance Marathon. I'm also a dancer and take class at a local studio. See you in class!

Test Post

Hey everyone! My name is Katherine Faiver, but I go by Katie. I am from Haslett, MI which is by East Lansing. Although I have lived in Spartan country all my life, my heart has always belonged to the Wolverines. :) My sister will be getting her master's from here in the spring and I hope to have the same success here that she has had. I love UM sports, and am on the diving team here.

I am really excited to take this class!

-Katie

this is my account, peter horton

Test Post

This is my, Mark Navarro's, test post to the AMCULT 213 Section B Blog.

*test*

*test*

Hello and Welcome!

Hi everyone! This is your discussion section's blog. Please take advantage of it. I look forward to reading all of your posts! Again, if you have not already done so, please refer to the "How To" guide on CTools. In addition to creating an account, this document also gives quick instructions on how to edit your profile, post an entry & how to leave a comment.

Remember, you MUST create an account and post your first *test* entry by next Friday's discussion section. Feel free to write what you like. Some ideas include: background/biographic information, a list of hobbies, other Latina/o Studies courses you've taken, etc. Please email or visit me during my office hours if you have any questions.

Since I have asked all of you to introduce yourself, I should do the same. In addition to what I already shared with you in class, I have lived in California all of my life (Ann Arbor is the exception). I'm somewhat of an "outdoorsy" type of person and really enjoy walking. I am interested in various topics related to Latina/o Studies, and American Studies in general, and I look forward to getting to know each and every one of you.

See you all in class!
-Isabel